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11.1
Voting Methods
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majority
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plurality
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runoff election
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runoff voting system
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two-round system
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Hare Method
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preference ranking
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ranked ballot
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ranked-choice voting (RCV)
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instant runoff voting (IRV)
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Borda count method
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Borda score
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Compromise candidate
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divisive candidate
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pairwise comparison method
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Condorcet voting methods
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Condorcet candidate
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approval voting system
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approval voting ballot
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spoiler
11.2
Fairness in Voting Methods
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majority criterion
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tyranny of the majority
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Condorcet criterion
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Condorcet method
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monotonicity criterion
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up-rank
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down-rank
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independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion (IIA)
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Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem
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cardinal voting system
11.3
Standard Divisors, Standard Quotas, and the Apportionment Problem
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apportion
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apportionment problem
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proportional
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part-to-part ratio
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representative democracies
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standard divisor
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states
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seats
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house size
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state population
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total population
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standard quota
11.4
Apportionment Methods
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apportionment problem
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lower quota
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upper quota
11.5
Fairness in Apportionment Methods
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apportionment paradox
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Alabama paradox
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reapportionment
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population growth rate
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population paradox
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new-state paradox