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5.2: A Necessary Digression - Gauss’s Theorem on Sums of Euler’s Function
https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Combinatorics_and_Discrete_Mathematics/Yet_Another_Introductory_Number_Theory_Textbook_-_Cryptology_Emphasis_(Poritz)/05%3A_Indices__Discrete_Logarithms/5.02%3A_Gauss's_Theorem_on_Sums_of_Euler's_Function
Later in this chapter, we will need a fact first proved by Gauss about Euler’s ϕ function. This section discusses the two proofs of Gauss’s Theorem on Sums of Euler’s Function.

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