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16.4E: Exercises for Section 16.4

  • Page ID
    28709
    • Gilbert Strang & Edwin “Jed” Herman
    • OpenStax
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    For the following exercises, evaluate the line integrals by applying Green’s theorem.

    1. \(\displaystyle \int_C 2xy\,dx+(x+y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is the path from \((0, 0)\) to \((1, 1)\) along the graph of \(y=x^3\) and from \((1, 1)\) to \((0, 0)\) along the graph of \(y=x\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction

    2. \(\displaystyle \int_C 2xy\,dx+(x+y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is the boundary of the region lying between the graphs of \(y=0\) and \(y=4−x^2\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C2xy\,dx+(x+y)\,dy=\frac{32}{3}\) units of work

    3. \(\displaystyle \int_C 2\arctan\left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\,dx+\ln(x^2+y^2)\,dy\), where \(C\) is defined by \(x=4+2\cos θ,\;y=4\sin θ\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction

    4. \(\displaystyle \int_C \sin x\cos y\,dx+(xy+\cos x\sin y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is the boundary of the region lying between the graphs of \(y=x\) and \(y=\sqrt{x}\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C\sin x\cos y\,dx+(xy+\cos x\sin y)\,dy=\frac{1}{12}\) units of work

    5. \(\displaystyle \int_C xy\,dx+(x+y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is the boundary of the region lying between the graphs of \(x^2+y^2=1\) and \(x^2+y^2=9\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction

    6. \(\displaystyle ∮_C (−y\,dx+x\,dy)\), where \(C\) consists of line segment \(C_1\) from \((−1,0)\) to \((1, 0)\), followed by the semicircular arc \(C_2\) from \((1, 0)\) back to \((-1, 0)\)

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C (−y\,\,dx+x\,\,dy)=π\) units of work

    For the following exercises, use Green’s theorem.

    7. Let \(C\) be the curve consisting of line segments from \((0, 0)\) to \((1, 1)\) to \((0, 1)\) and back to \((0, 0)\). Find the value of \(\displaystyle \int_C xy\,dx+\sqrt{y^2+1}\,dy\).

    8. Evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C xe^{−2x}\,dx+(x^4+2x^2y^2)\,dy\), where \(C\) is the boundary of the region between circles \(x^2+y^2=1\) and \(x^2+y^2=4\), and is a positively oriented curve.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C xe^{−2x}\,dx+(x^4+2x^2y^2)\,dy=0\) units of work

    9. Find the counterclockwise circulation of field \(\vecs F(x,y)=xy\,\mathbf{\hat i}+y^2\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) around and over the boundary of the region enclosed by curves \(y=x^2\) and \(y=x\) in the first quadrant and oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_201.jpg

    10. Evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C y^3\,dx−x^3y^2\,dy\), where \(C\) is the positively oriented circle of radius \(2\) centered at the origin.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C y^3\,dx−x^3y^2\,dy=−20π\) units of work

    11. Evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C y^3\,dx−x^3\,dy\), where \(C\) includes the two circles of radius \(2\) and radius \(1\) centered at the origin, both with positive orientation.

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_202.jpg

    12. Calculate \(\displaystyle ∮_C −x^2y\,dx+xy^2\,dy\), where \(C\) is a circle of radius \(2\) centered at the origin and oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C −x^2y\,dx+xy^2\,dy=8π\) units of work

    13. Calculate integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C 2[y+x\sin(y)]\,dx+[x^2\cos(y)−3y^2]\,dy\) along triangle \(C\) with vertices \((0, 0), \,(1, 0)\) and \((1, 1)\), oriented counterclockwise, using Green’s theorem.

    14. Evaluate integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C (x^2+y^2)\,dx+2xy\,dy\), where \(C\) is the curve that follows parabola \(y=x^2\) from \((0,0), \,(2,4),\) then the line from \((2, 4)\) to \((2, 0)\), and finally the line from \((2, 0)\) to \((0, 0)\).

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_203.jpg

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C (x^2+y^2)\,dx+2xy\,dy=0\) units of work

    15. Evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C (y−\sin(y)\cos(y))\,dx+2x\sin^2(y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is oriented in a counterclockwise path around the region bounded by \(x=−1, \,x=2, \,y=4−x^2\), and \(y=x−2.\)

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_204.jpg

    For the following exercises, use Green’s theorem to find the area.

    16. Find the area between ellipse \(\frac{x^2}{9}+\frac{y^2}{4}=1\) and circle \(x^2+y^2=25\).

    Answer
    \(A=19π\;\text{units}^2\)

    17. Find the area of the region enclosed by parametric equation

    \(\vecs p(θ)=(\cos(θ)−\cos^2(θ))\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(\sin(θ)−\cos(θ)\sin(θ))\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) for \(0≤θ≤2π.\)

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_205.jpg

    18. Find the area of the region bounded by hypocycloid \(\vecs r(t)=\cos^3(t)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+\sin^3(t)\,\mathbf{\hat j}\). The curve is parameterized by \(t∈[0,2π].\)

    Answer
    \(A=\frac{3}{8π}\;\text{units}^2\)

    19. Find the area of a pentagon with vertices \((0,4), \,(4,1), \,(3,0), \,(−1,−1),\) and \((−2,2)\).

    20. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_{C^+}(y^2+x^3)\,dx+x^4\,dy\), where \(C^+\) is the perimeter of square \([0,1]×[0,1]\) oriented counterclockwise.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_{C^+} (y^2+x^3)\,dx+x^4\,dy=0\)

    21. Use Green’s theorem to prove the area of a disk with radius \(a\) is \(A=πa^2\;\text{units}^2\).

    22. Use Green’s theorem to find the area of one loop of a four-leaf rose \(r=3\sin 2θ\). (Hint: \(x\,dy−y\,dx=r^2\,dθ\)).

    Answer
    \(A=\frac{9π}{8}\;\text{units}^2\)

    23. Use Green’s theorem to find the area under one arch of the cycloid given by the parametric equations: \(x=t−\sin t,\;y=1−\cos t,\;t≥0.\)

    24. Use Green’s theorem to find the area of the region enclosed by curve

    \(\vecs r(t)=t^2\,\mathbf{\hat i}+\left(\frac{t^3}{3}−t\right)\,\mathbf{\hat j},\) for \(−\sqrt{3}≤t≤\sqrt{3}\).

    CNX_Calc_Figure_16_04_206.jpg

    Answer
    \(A=\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{5}\;\text{units}^2\)

    25. [T] Evaluate Green’s theorem using a computer algebra system to evaluate the integral \(\displaystyle \int_C xe^y\,dx+e^x\,dy\), where \(C\) is the circle given by \(x^2+y^2=4\) and is oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    26. Evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C(x^2y−2xy+y^2)\,ds\), where \(C\) is the boundary of the unit square \(0≤x≤1,\;0≤y≤1\), traversed counterclockwise.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C (x^2y−2xy+y^2)\,ds=3\)

    27. Evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C \frac{−(y+2)\,dx+(x−1)\,dy}{(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2}\), where \(C\) is any simple closed curve with an interior that does not contain point \((1,−2)\) traversed counterclockwise.

    28. Evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C \frac{x\,dx+y\,dy}{x^2+y^2}\), where \(C\) is any piecewise, smooth simple closed curve enclosing the origin, traversed counterclockwise.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C \frac{x\,dx+y\,dy}{x^2+y^2}=2π\)

    For the following exercises, use Green’s theorem to calculate the work done by force \(\vecs F\) on a particle that is moving counterclockwise around closed path \(C\).

    29. \(\vecs F(x,y)=xy\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(x+y)\,\mathbf{\hat j}, \quad C:x^2+y^2=4\)

    30. \(\vecs F(x,y)=(x^{3/2}−3y)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(6x+5\sqrt{y})\,\mathbf{\hat j}, \quad C\): boundary of a triangle with vertices \((0, 0), \,(5, 0),\) and \((0, 5)\)

    Answer
    \(W=\frac{225}{2}\) units of work

    31. Evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C (2x^3−y^3)\,dx+(x^3+y^3)\,dy\), where \(C\) is a unit circle oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    32. A particle starts at point \((−2,0)\), moves along the \(x\)-axis to \((2, 0)\), and then travels along semicircle \(y=\sqrt{4−x^2}\) to the starting point. Use Green’s theorem to find the work done on this particle by force field \(\vecs F(x,y)=x\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(x^3+3xy^2)\,\mathbf{\hat j}\).

    Answer
    \(W=12π\) units of work

    33. David and Sandra are skating on a frictionless pond in the wind. David skates on the inside, going along a circle of radius \(2\) in a counterclockwise direction. Sandra skates once around a circle of radius \(3\), also in the counterclockwise direction. Suppose the force of the wind at point \((x,y)\) is \(\vecs F(x,y)=(x^2y+10y)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(x^3+2xy^2)\,\mathbf{\hat j}\). Use Green’s theorem to determine who does more work.

    34. Use Green’s theorem to find the work done by force field \(\vecs F(x,y)=(3y−4x)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(4x−y)\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) when an object moves once counterclockwise around ellipse \(4x^2+y^2=4.\)

    Answer
    \(W=2π\) units of work

    35. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C e^{2x}\sin 2y\,dx+e^{2x}\cos 2y\,dy\), where \(C\) is ellipse \(9(x−1)^2+4(y−3)^2=36\) oriented counterclockwise.

    36. Evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C y^2\,dx+x^2\,dy\), where \(C\) is the boundary of a triangle with vertices \((0,0), \,(1,1)\), and \((1,0)\), with the counterclockwise orientation.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C y^2\,dx+x^2\,dy=\frac{1}{3}\) units of work

    37. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C \vecs h·d\vecs r\) if \(\vecs h(x,y)=e^y\,\mathbf{\hat i}−\sin πx\,\mathbf{\hat j}\), where \(C\) is a triangle with vertices \((1, 0), \,(0, 1),\) and \((−1,0),\) traversed counterclockwise.

    38. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C\sqrt{1+x^3}\,dx+2xy\,dy\) where \(C\) is a triangle with vertices \((0, 0), \,(1, 0),\) and \((1, 3)\) oriented clockwise.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C \sqrt{1+x^3}\,dx+2xy\,dy=3\) units of work

    39. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C x^2y\,dx−xy^2\,dy\) where \(C\) is a circle \(x^2+y^2=4\) oriented counterclockwise.

    40. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C \left(3y−e^{\sin x}\right)\,dx+\left(7x+\sqrt{y^4+1}\right)\,dy\) where \(C\) is circle \(x^2+y^2=9\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C \left(3y−e^{\sin x}\right)\,dx+\left(7x+\sqrt{y^4+1}\right)\,dy=36π\) units of work

    41. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C (3x−5y)\,dx+(x−6y)\,dy\), where \(C\) is ellipse \(\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1\) and is oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    A horizontal oval oriented counterclockwise with vertices at (-2,0), (0,-1), (2,0), and (0,1). The region enclosed is shaded.

    42. Let \(C\) be a triangular closed curve from \((0, 0)\) to \((1, 0)\) to \((1, 1)\) and finally back to \((0, 0).\) Let \(\vecs F(x,y)=4y\,\mathbf{\hat i}+6x^2\,\mathbf{\hat j}.\) Use Green’s theorem to evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C\vecs F·d\vecs r.\)

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C\vecs F·d\vecs r=2\) units of work

    43. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C y\,dx−x\,dy\), where \(C\) is circle \(x^2+y^2=a^2\) oriented in the clockwise direction.

    44. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C (y+x)\,dx+(x+\sin y)\,dy,\) where \(C\) is any smooth simple closed curve joining the origin to itself oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C (y+x)\,dx+(x+\sin y)\,dy=0\) units of work

    45. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C \left(y−\ln(x^2+y^2)\right)\,dx+\left(2\arctan \frac{y}{x}\right)\,dy,\) where \(C\) is the positively oriented circle \((x−2)^2+(y−3)^2=1.\)

    46. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C xy\,dx+x^3y^3\,dy,\) where \(C\) is a triangle with vertices \((0, 0), \,(1, 0),\) and \((1, 2)\) with positive orientation.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C xy\,dx+x^3y^3\,dy=2221\) units of work

    47. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle \int_C \sin y\,dx+x\cos y\,dy,\) where \(C\) is ellipse \(x^2+xy+y^2=1\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    48. Let \(\vecs F(x,y)=\left(\cos(x^5)−13y^3\right)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+13x^3\,\mathbf{\hat j}.\) Find the counterclockwise circulation \(\displaystyle ∮_C\vecs F·d\vecs r,\) where \(C\) is a curve consisting of the line segment joining \((−2,0)\) and \((−1,0),\) half circle \(y=\sqrt{1−x^2},\) the line segment joining \((1, 0)\) and \((2, 0),\) and half circle \(y=\sqrt{4−x^2}.\)

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C\vecs F·d\vecs r=15π^4\) units of work

    49. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∫_C \sin(x^3)\,dx+2ye^{x^2}\,dy,\) where \(C\) is a triangular closed curve that connects the points \((0, 0), \,(2, 2),\) and \((0, 2)\) counterclockwise.

    50. Let \(C\) be the boundary of square \(0≤x≤π,\;0≤y≤π,\) traversed counterclockwise. Use Green’s theorem to find \(\displaystyle ∫_C \sin(x+y)\,dx+\cos(x+y)\,dy.\)

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle \int_C\sin(x+y)\,dx+\cos(x+y)\,dy=4\) units of work

    51. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∫_C \vecs F·d\vecs r,\) where \(\vecs F(x,y)=(y^2−x^2)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(x^2+y^2)\,\mathbf{\hat j},\) and \(C\) is a triangle bounded by \(y=0,\;x=3,\) and \(y=x,\) oriented counterclockwise.

    52. Use Green’s Theorem to evaluate integral \(\displaystyle ∫_C \vecs F·d\vecs r,\) where \(\vecs F(x,y)=(xy^2)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+x\,\mathbf{\hat j},\) and \(C\) is a unit circle oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∫_C \vecs F·d\vecs r=π\) units of work

    53. Use Green’s theorem in a plane to evaluate line integral \(\displaystyle ∮_C (xy+y^2)\,dx+x^2\,dy,\) where \(C\) is a closed curve of a region bounded by \(y=x\) and \(y=x^2\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    54. Calculate the outward flux of \(\vecs F(x,y)=−x\,\mathbf{\hat i}+2y\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) over a square with corners \((±1,\,±1),\) where the unit normal is outward pointing and oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C\vecs F·\vecs N \,ds=4\)

    55. [T] Let \(C\) be circle \(x^2+y^2=4\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction. Evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C \left[\left(3y−e^{\arctan x})\,dx+(7x+\sqrt{y^4+1}\right)\,dy\right]\) using a computer algebra system.

    56. Find the flux of field \(\vecs F(x,y)=−x\,\mathbf{\hat i}+y\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) across \(x^2+y^2=16\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C \vecs F·\vecs N\,ds=32π\)

    57. Let \(\vecs F=(y^2−x^2)\,\mathbf{\hat i}+(x^2+y^2)\,\mathbf{\hat j},\) and let \(C\) be a triangle bounded by \(y=0, \,x=3,\) and \(y=x\) oriented in the counterclockwise direction. Find the outward flux of \(\vecs F\) through \(C\).

    58. [T] Let \(C\) be unit circle \(x^2+y^2=1\) traversed once counterclockwise. Evaluate \(\displaystyle ∫_C \left[−y^3+\sin(xy)+xy\cos(xy)\right]\,dx+\left[x^3+x^2\cos(xy)\right]\,dy\) by using a computer algebra system.

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∫_C \left[−y^3+\sin(xy)+xy\cos(xy)\right]\,dx+\left[x^3+x^2\cos(xy)\right]\,dy=4.7124\) units of work

    59. [T] Find the outward flux of vector field \(\vecs F(x,y)=xy^2\,\mathbf{\hat i}+x^2y\,\mathbf{\hat j}\) across the boundary of annulus \(R=\big\{(x,y):1≤x^2+y^2≤4\big\}=\big\{(r,θ):1≤r≤2,\,0≤θ≤2π\big\}\) using a computer algebra system.

    60. Consider region \(R\) bounded by parabolas \(y=x^2\) and \(x=y^2.\) Let \(C\) be the boundary of \(R\) oriented counterclockwise. Use Green’s theorem to evaluate \(\displaystyle ∮_C \left(y+e^{\sqrt{x}}\right)\,dx+\left(2x+\cos(y^2)\right)\,dy.\)

    Answer
    \(\displaystyle ∮_C \left(y+e^{\sqrt{x}}\right)\,dx+\left(2x+\cos(y^2)\right)\,dy=13\) units of work

    Contributors

    Gilbert Strang (MIT) and Edwin “Jed” Herman (Harvey Mudd) with many contributing authors. This content by OpenStax is licensed with a CC-BY-SA-NC 4.0 license. Download for free at http://cnx.org.


    This page titled 16.4E: Exercises for Section 16.4 is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Gilbert Strang & Edwin “Jed” Herman (OpenStax) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request.