1.4E: Exercises
- Page ID
- 116539
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In exercises 1 - 6, use the horizontal line test to determine whether each of the given graphs is one-to-one.
1)
- Answer
- Not one-to-one
2)
3)
- Answer
- Not one-to-one
4)
5)
- Answer
- One-to-one
6)
In exercises 7 - 12,
a. find the inverse function, and
b. find the domain and range of the inverse function.
7) \(f(x)=x^2−4, \quad x \geq 0\)
- Answer
- a. \(f^{−1}(x)=\sqrt{x+4}\)
b. Domain: \(x \geq −4,\) Range: \(y \geq 0\)
8) \(f(x)=\sqrt[3]{x−4}\)
9) \(f(x)=x^3+1\)
- Answer
- a. \(f^{−1}(x)=\sqrt[3]{x−1}\)
b. Domain: all real numbers, Range: all real numbers
10) \(f(x)=(x−1)^2, \quad x \leq 1\)
11) \(f(x)=\sqrt{x−1}\)
- Answer
- a. \(f^{−1}(x)=x^2+1\),
b. Domain: \(x \geq 0,\) Range: \(y \geq 1\)
12) \(f(x)=\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
In exercises 13 - 16, use the graph of \(f\) to sketch the graph of its inverse function.
13)
- Answer
14)
15)
- Answer
16)
In exercises 17 - 24, use composition to determine which pairs of functions are inverses.
17) \(f(x)=8x, \quad g(x)=\dfrac{x}{8}\)
- Answer
- These are inverses.
18) \(f(x)=8x+3, \quad g(x)=\dfrac{x-3}{8}\)
19) \(f(x)=5x−7, \quad g(x)=\dfrac{x+5}{7}\)
- Answer
- These are not inverses.
20) \(f(x)=\frac{2}{3}x+2, \quad g(x)=\frac{3}{2}x+3\)
21) \(f(x)=\dfrac{1}{x−1}, \;x \neq 1, \quad g(x)=\dfrac{1}{x}+1,\; x \neq 0\)
- Answer
- These are inverses.
22) \(f(x)=x^3+1,\quad g(x)=(x−1)^{1/3}\)
23) \(f(x)=x^2+2x+1,\; x \geq −1, \quad g(x)=−1+\sqrt{x},\; x \geq 0\)
- Answer
- These are inverses.
24) \(f(x)=\sqrt{4−x^2},\; 0 \leq x \leq 2, \quad g(x)=\sqrt{4−x^2},\; 0 \leq x \leq 2\)
25) The function \(C=T(F)=(5/9)(F−32)\) converts degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius.
a) Find the inverse function \(F=T^{−1}(C)\)
b) What is the inverse function used for?
26) [Technology Required] The velocity \(V\) (in centimeters per second) of blood in an artery at a distance \(x\) cm from the center of the artery can be modeled by the function \(V=f(x)=500(0.04−x^2)\) for \(0 \leq x \leq 0.2.\)
a) Find \(x=f^{−1}(V).\)
b) Interpret what the inverse function is used for.
c) Find the distance from the center of an artery with a velocity of 15 cm/sec, 10 cm/sec, and 5 cm/sec.
- Answer
- a. \(x=f^{−1}(V)=\sqrt{0.04−\dfrac{V}{500}}\)
b. The inverse function determines the distance from the center of the artery at which blood is flowing with velocity \(V.\)
c. 0.1 cm; 0.14 cm; 0.17 cm
27) A function that converts dress sizes in the United States to those in Europe is given by \(D(x)=2x+24.\)
a) Find the European dress sizes that correspond to sizes 6, 8, 10, and 12 in the United States.
b) Find the function that converts European dress sizes to U.S. dress sizes.
c) Use part b. to find the dress sizes in the United States that correspond to 46, 52, 62, and 70.
28) [Technology Required] The cost to remove a toxin from a lake is modeled by the function \(C(p)=\dfrac{75p}{85−p},\) where \(C\) is the cost (in thousands of dollars) and \(p\) is the amount of toxin in a small lake (measured in parts per billion [ppb]). This model is valid only when the amount of toxin is less than 85 ppb.
a) Find the cost to remove 25 ppb, 40 ppb, and 50 ppb of the toxin from the lake.
b) Find the inverse function.
c) Use part b. to determine how much of the toxin is removed for $50,000.
- Answer
- a. $31,250, $66,667, $107,143
b. \(p=\dfrac{85C}{C+75}\)
c. 34 ppb
29) [Technology Required] A race car is accelerating at a velocity given by \(v(t)=\frac{25}{4}t+54,\)
where \(v\) is the velocity (in feet per second) at time \(t.\)
a) Find the velocity of the car at 10 sec.
b) Find the inverse function.
c) Use part b. to determine how long it takes for the car to reach a speed of 150 ft/sec.
Contributors
Gilbert Strang (MIT) and Edwin “Jed” Herman (Harvey Mudd) with many contributing authors. This content by OpenStax is licensed with a CC-BY-SA-NC 4.0 license. Download for free at http://cnx.org.