7.0: Introduction

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Casinos are big business; according to the American Gaming Association, commercial casinos in the United States brought in over $43 billion in revenue in 2019. Casinos must walk a fine line in order to be profitable. Their customers must lose more money than they win, on average, in order to stay in business. But if the chances of a single customer winning more money than they lose is too small, people will stop coming in the door to play the games.

A roulette wheel. — Figure $\PageIndex{1}$: Roulette is a game whose outcomes are based entirely on the concept of probability. (credit: modification of work "Roulette wheel" by Håkan Dahlström/Flickr, CC BY 2.0)

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