# Chapter 3 Review Exercises


## Chapter 3 Review Exercises

### 3.1 Using a Problem Solving Strategy

Approach Word Problems with a Positive Attitude

In the following exercises, reflect on your approach to word problems.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{1}$$

How has your attitude towards solving word problems changed as a result of working through this chapter? Explain.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{2}$$

Did the problem-solving strategy help you solve word problems in this chapter? Explain.

Use a Problem-Solving Strategy for Word Problems

In the following exercises, solve using the problem-solving strategy for word problems. Remember to write a complete sentence to answer each question.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{3}$$

Three-fourths of the people at a concert are children. If there are 87 children, what is the total number of people at the concert?

116

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{4}$$

There are nine saxophone players in the band. The number of saxophone players is one less than twice the number of tuba players. Find the number of tuba players.

Solve Number Problems

In the following exercises, solve each number word problem.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{5}$$

The sum of a number and three is forty-one. Find the number.

38

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{6}$$

Twice the difference of a number and ten is fifty-four. Find the number.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{7}$$

One number is nine less than another. Their sum is negative twenty-seven. Find the numbers.

−18,−9

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{8}$$

One number is eleven more than another. If their sum is increased by seventeen, the result is 90. Find the numbers.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{9}$$

One number is two more than four times another. Their sum is −13. Find the numbers.

−3,−10

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{10}$$

The sum of two consecutive integers is −135. Find the numbers.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{11}$$

Find three consecutive integers whose sum is −141.

−48,−47,−46

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{12}$$

Find three consecutive even integers whose sum is 234.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{13}$$

Find three consecutive odd integers whose sum is 51.

15, 17, 19

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{14}$$

Koji has $5,502 in his savings account. This is$30 less than six times the amount in his checking account. How much money does Koji have in his checking account?

### 3.2 Solve Percent Applications

Translate and Solve Basic Percent Equations

In the following exercises, translate and solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{15}$$

What number is 67% of 250?

167.5

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{16}$$

300% of 82 is what number?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{17}$$

12.5% of what number is 20?

160

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{18}$$

72 is 30% of what number?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{19}$$

What percent of 125 is 150?

120%

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{20}$$

127.5 is what percent of 850?

Solve Percent Applications

In the following exercises, solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{21}$$

The bill for Dino’s lunch was $19.45. He wanted to leave 20% of the total bill as a tip. How much should the tip be? Answer$3.89

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{22}$$

Reza was very sick and lost 15% of his original weight. He lost 27 pounds. What was his original weight?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{23}$$

Dolores bought a crib on sale for $350. The sale price was 40% of the original price. What was the original price of the crib? Answer$875

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{24}$$

Jaden earns $2,680 per month. He pays$938 a month for rent. What percent of his monthly pay goes to rent?

Find Percent Increase and Percent Decrease

In the following exercises, solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{25}$$

Angel’s got a raise in his annual salary from $55,400 to$56,785. Find the percent increase.

2.5%

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{26}$$

Rowena’s monthly gasoline bill dropped from $83.75 last month to$56.95 this month. Find the percent decrease.

Solve Simple Interest Applications

In the following exercises, solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{27}$$

Winston deposited $3,294 in a bank account with interest rate 2.6%. How much interest was earned in 5 years? Answer$428.22

$1,900 ##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{30}$$ In 12 years, a bond that paid 6.35% interest earned$7,620 interest. What was the principal of the bond?

Solve Applications with Discount or Mark-up

In the following exercises, find the sale price.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{31}$$

The original price of a handbag was $84. Carole bought it on sale for$21 off.

$63 ##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{32}$$ Marian wants to buy a coffee table that costs$495. Next week the coffee table will be on sale for $149 off. In the following exercises, find 1. the amount of discount and 2. the sale price. ##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{33}$$ Emmett bought a pair of shoes on sale at 40% off from an original price of$138.

1. $55.20 2.$82.80

2. 15.6%
##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{36}$$

Lacey bought a pair of boots on sale for $95. The original price of the boots was$200.

In the following exercises, find

1. the amount of the mark-up and
2. the list price.
##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{37}$$

Nga and Lauren bought a chest at a flea market for $50. They re-finished it and then added a 350% mark-up. Answer 1.$175

### 3.3 Solve Mixture Applications

Solve Coin Word Problems

In the following exercises, solve each coin word problem.

Paulette has $140 in$5 and $10 bills. The number of$10 bills is one less than twice the number of $5 bills. How many of each does she have? Answer six$5 bills, 11 $10 bills ##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{42}$$ Lenny has$3.69 in pennies, dimes, and quarters. The number of pennies is three more than the number of dimes. The number of quarters is twice the number of dimes. How many of each coin does he have?

Solve Ticket and Stamp Word Problems

In the following exercises, solve each ticket or stamp word problem.

Ana spent $4.06 buying stamps. The number of$0.41 stamps she bought was five more than the number of $0.26 stamps. How many of each did she buy? Answer three$0.26 stamps, eight $0.41 stamps ##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{48}$$ Yumi spent$34.15 buying stamps. The number of $0.56 stamps she bought was 10 less than four times the number of$0.41 stamps. How many of each did she buy?

Solve Mixture Word Problems

In the following exercises, solve each mixture word problem.

### 3.4 Solve Geometry Applications: Triangles, Rectangles and the Pythagorean Theorem

Solve Applications Using Triangle Properties

In the following exercises, solve using triangle properties.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{53}$$

The measures of two angles of a triangle are 22 and 85 degrees. Find the measure of the third angle.

73°

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{54}$$

The playground at a shopping mall is a triangle with perimeter 48 feet. The lengths of two sides are 19 feet and 14 feet. How long is the third side?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{55}$$

A triangular road sign has base 30 inches and height 40 inches. What is its area?

600 square inches

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{56}$$

What is the height of a triangle with area 67.5 square meters and base 9 meters?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{57}$$

One angle of a triangle is 30° more than the smallest angle. The largest angle is the sum of the other angles. Find the measures of all three angles.

30°,60°,90°

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{58}$$

One angle of a right triangle measures 58°. What is the measure of the other angles of the triangle?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{59}$$

The measure of the smallest angle in a right triangle is 45° less than the measure of the next larger angle. Find the measures of all three angles.

22.5°,67.5°,90°

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{60}$$

The perimeter of a triangle is 97 feet. One side of the triangle is eleven feet more than the smallest side. The third side is six feet more than twice the smallest side. Find the lengths of all sides.

Use the Pythagorean Theorem

In the following exercises, use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of the hypotenuse.

26

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{62}$$

In the following exercises, use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of the missing side. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

8

8.1

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{66}$$

In the following exercises, solve. Approximate to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{67}$$

Sergio needs to attach a wire to hold the antenna to the roof of his house, as shown in the figure. The antenna is 8 feet tall and Sergio has 10 feet of wire. How far from the base of the antenna can he attach the wire?

$$6^{\prime}$$

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{68}$$

Seong is building shelving in his garage. The shelves are 36 inches wide and 15 inches tall. He wants to put a diagonal brace across the back to stabilize the shelves, as shown. How long should the brace be?

Solve Applications Using Rectangle Properties

In the following exercises, solve using rectangle properties.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{69}$$

The length of a rectangle is 36 feet and the width is 19 feet. Find the

1. perimeter
2. area.
1. 110 ft.
2. 684 sq. ft.
##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{70}$$

A sidewalk in front of Kathy’s house is in the shape of a rectangle four feet wide by 45 feet long. Find the

1. perimeter
2. area.
##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{71}$$

The area of a rectangle is 2356 square meters. The length is 38 meters. What is the width?

62 m

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{72}$$

The width of a rectangle is 45 centimeters. The area is 2,700 square centimeters. What is the length?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{73}$$

The length of a rectangle is 12 cm more than the width. The perimeter is 74 cm. Find the length and the width.

24.5 cm, 12.5 cm

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{74}$$

The width of a rectangle is three more than twice the length. The perimeter is 96 inches. Find the length and the width.

### 3.5 Solve Uniform Motion Applications

Solve Uniform Motion Applications

In the following exercises, solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{75}$$

When Gabe drives from Sacramento to Redding it takes him 2.2 hours. It takes Elsa 2 hours to drive the same distance. Elsa’s speed is seven miles per hour faster than Gabe’s speed. Find Gabe’s speed and Elsa’s speed.

Gabe 70 mph, Elsa 77 mph

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{76}$$

Louellen and Tracy met at a restaurant on the road between Chicago and Nashville. Louellen had left Chicago and drove 3.2 hours towards Nashville. Tracy had left Nashville and drove 4 hours towards Chicago, at a speed one mile per hour faster than Louellen’s speed. The distance between Chicago and Nashville is 472 miles. Find Louellen’s speed and Tracy’s speed.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{77}$$

Two busses leave Amarillo at the same time. The Albuquerque bus heads west on the I-40 at a speed of 72 miles per hour, and the Oklahoma City bus heads east on the I-40 at a speed of 78 miles per hour. How many hours will it take them to be 375 miles apart?

2.5 hours

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{78}$$

Kyle rowed his boat upstream for 50 minutes. It took him 30 minutes to row back downstream. His speed going upstream is two miles per hour slower than his speed going downstream. Find Kyle’s upstream and downstream speeds.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{79}$$

At 6:30, Devon left her house and rode her bike on the flat road until 7:30. Then she started riding uphill and rode until 8:00. She rode a total of 15 miles. Her speed on the flat road was three miles per hour faster than her speed going uphill. Find Devon’s speed on the flat road and riding uphill.

flat road 11 mph, uphill 8 mph

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{80}$$

Anthony drove from New York City to Baltimore, a distance of 192 miles. He left at 3:45 and had heavy traffic until 5:30. Traffic was light for the rest of the drive, and he arrived at 7:30. His speed in light traffic was four miles per hour more than twice his speed in heavy traffic. Find Anthony’s driving speed in heavy traffic and light traffic.

### 3.6 Solve Applications with Linear Inequalities

Solve Applications with Linear Inequalities

In the following exercises, solve.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{81}$$

Julianne has a weekly food budget of $231 for her family. If she plans to budget the same amount for each of the seven days of the week, what is the maximum amount she can spend on food each day? Answer$33 per day

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{82}$$

Rogelio paints watercolors. He got a $100 gift card to the art supply store and wants to use it to buy $$12^{\prime \prime} \times 16^{\prime \prime}$$ canvases. Each canvas costs$10.99. What is the maximum number of canvases he can buy with his gift card?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{83}$$

Briana has been offered a sales job in another city. The offer was for $42,500 plus 8% of her total sales. In order to make it worth the move, Briana needs to have an annual salary of at least$66,500. What would her total sales need to be for her to move?

## Practice Test

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{87}$$

Four-fifths of the people on a hike are children. If there are 12 children, what is the total number of people on the hike?

15

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{88}$$

One number is three more than twice another. Their sum is −63. Find the numbers.

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{89}$$

The sum of two consecutive odd integers is −96. Find the numbers.

−49,−47

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{90}$$

Marla’s breakfast was 525 calories. This was 35% of her total calories for the day. How many calories did she have that day?

##### Exercise $$\PageIndex{91}$$

Humberto’s hourly pay increased from $16.25 to$17.55. Find the percent increase.

8%

2. 30%